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Strohriegl, Peter ; Saller, Christina ; Knauer, Philipp ; Köhler, Anna ; Hahn, Tobias ; Fischer, Florian ; Kahle, Frank-Julian:
Crosslinkable low bandgap polymers for organic solar cells.
In: Kafafi, Zakya H. ; Lane, Paul A. ; Samuel, Ifor D. W.
(Hrsg.):
Organic voltaics XVII. -
Bellingham, Washington
: SPIE
,
2016
. - No. 99420O
. - (Proceedings of SPIE
; 9942
)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2239400
Abstract
We present a number of polyfluorene based conjugated polymers with crosslinkable acrylate and oxetane units. These polymers can be crosslinked by free radical polymerization in the case of acrylates and by cationic ring opening polymerization for oxetanes. Upon polymerization densely crosslinked networks are formed which are completely insoluble. We show that the diffusion coefficient of C60 in polyfluorene is reduced by a factor of 1000 by crosslinking.
MIS-CELIV measurements are used to monitor changes in the charge carrier mobility upon crosslinking. It shows that using appropriate conditions, e.g. low initiator concentrations or thermal crosslinking, the charge carrier mobility is not reduced by crosslinking. Solution processed three layer organic solar cells were realized with a crosslinkable fluorene based copolymer containing acrylate groups. The efficiency is increased from 1.4% for the reference to 1.8% in the three layer cell with a crosslinked exciton blocking layer. A critical issue of BHJ cells is the instability of the morphology of the polymer: fullerene blend over long operation times at elevated temperature. We present a crosslinkable derivative of the low bandgap polymer PFDTBT which contains oxetane units. BHJ cells with the crosslinked PFDTBT derivative and PCBM were tested in accelerated aging experiments at 100 °C for times up to 100 h. Stabilization was clearly observed in crosslinked BHJ cells compared to the non-crosslinked reference. We show for the first time that oxetane containing polymers can be thermally crosslinked without any added initiator. Initiator free crosslinking is particularly attractive as it avoids the formation of decomposition products, and thus potential electron traps and quenching sites from the initiator.