Meta-generalized gradient approximations in time dependent generalized Kohn–Sham theory : Importance of the current density correction

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Richter, Rian ; Aschebrock, Thilo ; Schelter, Ingo ; Kümmel, Stephan:
Meta-generalized gradient approximations in time dependent generalized Kohn–Sham theory : Importance of the current density correction.
In: The Journal of Chemical Physics. Bd. 159 (2023) Heft 12 . - 124117.
ISSN 0021-9606
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0167972

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Abstract

We revisit the use of Meta-Generalized Gradient Approximations (mGGAs) in time-dependent density functional theory, reviewing conceptual questions and solving the generalized Kohn–Sham equations by real-time propagation. After discussing the technical aspects of using mGGAs in combination with pseudopotentials and comparing real-space and basis set results, we focus on investigating the importance of the current-density based gauge invariance correction. For the two modern mGGAs that we investigate in this work, TASK and r²SCAN, we observe that for some systems, the current density correction leads to negligible changes, but for others, it changes excitation energies by up to 40% and more than 0.8 eV. In the cases that we study, the agreement with the reference data is improved by the current density correction.