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Safer food through plant science : reducing toxic element accumulation in crops

Titelangaben

Clemens, Stephan:
Safer food through plant science : reducing toxic element accumulation in crops.
In: Journal of Experimental Botany. Bd. 70 (2019) Heft 20 . - S. 5537-5557.
ISSN 1460-2431
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erz366

Abstract

Natural processes and human activities have caused widespread background contamination with nonessential toxic elements. The uptake and accumulation of cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As) and lead (Pb) by crop plants results in chronic dietary exposure and is associated with various health risks. Current human intake levels are close to what is provisionally regarded as safe. This has recently triggered legislative actions to introduce or lower limits for toxic elements in food. Arguably, the most effective way to reduce the risk of slow poisoning is the breeding of crops with much lower accumulation of contaminants. The past years have seen tremendous progress in elucidating molecular mechanisms of toxic element transport. This was achieved in the model systems Arabidopsis thaliana and, most importantly, rice, the major source of exposure to As and Cd for a large fraction of the global population. Many components of entry and sequestration pathways have been identified. This knowledge can now be applied to engineer crops with reduced toxic element accumulation especially in edible organs. Most obvious in the case of Cd, it appears likely that subtle genetic intervention has the potential to reduce human exposure to nonessential toxic elements almost immediately. This review outlines the risks and discusses our current state of knowledge with emphasis on transgenic and gene editing approaches.

Weitere Angaben

Publikationsform: Artikel in einer Zeitschrift
Begutachteter Beitrag: Ja
Zusätzliche Informationen: BAYCEER152850
Keywords: Food safety; Crop engineering; Health risk; Metal homeostasis; Metal transport; Rice
Institutionen der Universität: Fakultäten
Fakultäten > Fakultät für Biologie, Chemie und Geowissenschaften
Fakultäten > Fakultät für Biologie, Chemie und Geowissenschaften > Fachgruppe Biologie
Fakultäten > Fakultät für Biologie, Chemie und Geowissenschaften > Fachgruppe Biologie > Lehrstuhl Pflanzenphysiologie
Fakultäten > Fakultät für Biologie, Chemie und Geowissenschaften > Fachgruppe Biologie > Lehrstuhl Pflanzenphysiologie > Lehrstuhl Pflanzenphysiologie - Univ.-Prof. Dr. Stephan Clemens
Forschungseinrichtungen
Forschungseinrichtungen > Forschungszentren
Forschungseinrichtungen > Forschungszentren > Bayreuther Zentrum für Ökologie und Umweltforschung - BayCEER
Titel an der UBT entstanden: Ja
Themengebiete aus DDC: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik
500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik > 570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie
500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik > 580 Pflanzen (Botanik)
Eingestellt am: 25 Sep 2019 07:31
Letzte Änderung: 04 Jul 2022 13:17
URI: https://eref.uni-bayreuth.de/id/eprint/52382