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Accuracy and performance of the lattice Boltzmann method with 64-bit, 32-bit, and customized 16-bit number formats

Titelangaben

Lehmann, Moritz ; Krause, Mathias J. ; Amati, Giorgio ; Sega, Marcello ; Harting, Jens ; Gekle, Stephan:
Accuracy and performance of the lattice Boltzmann method with 64-bit, 32-bit, and customized 16-bit number formats.
In: Physical Review E. Bd. 106 (2022) Heft 1 . - 015308.
ISSN 2470-0053
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.106.015308

Angaben zu Projekten

Projekttitel:
Offizieller Projekttitel
Projekt-ID
SFB 1357 Mikroplastik
SFB1357
FOR 2688, Instabilities, Bifurcations and Migration in Pulsating Flow, Projects No. B3
417989940
FOR 2688, Instabilities, Bifurcations and Migration in Pulsating Flow, Projects No. B2
417989464

Projektfinanzierung: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

Abstract

Fluid dynamics simulations with the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) are very memory intensive. Alongside reduction in memory footprint, significant performance benefits can be achieved by using FP32 (single) precision compared to FP64 (double) precision, especially on GPUs. Here we evaluate the possibility to use even FP16 and posit16 (half) precision for storing fluid populations, while still carrying arithmetic operations in FP32. For this, we first show that the commonly occurring number range in the LBM is a lot smaller than the FP16 number range. Based on this observation, we develop customized 16-bit formats—based on a modified IEEE-754 and on a modified posit standard—that are specifically tailored to the needs of the LBM. We then carry out an in-depth characterization of LBM accuracy for six different test systems with increasing complexity: Poiseuille flow, Taylor-Green vortices, Karman vortex streets, lid-driven cavity, a microcapsule in shear flow (utilizing the immersed-boundary method), and, finally, the impact of a raindrop (based on a volume-of-fluid approach). We find that the difference in accuracy between FP64 and FP32 is negligible in almost all cases, and that for a large number of cases even 16-bit is sufficient. Finally, we provide a detailed performance analysis of all precision levels on a large number of hardware microarchitectures and show that significant speedup is achieved with mixed FP32/16-bit.

Weitere Angaben

Publikationsform: Artikel in einer Zeitschrift
Begutachteter Beitrag: Ja
Keywords: LBM; floating-point; FP16; posit; mixed precision; customized precision; GPU; OpenCL; Biological Fluid Dynamics; Drop & Bubble Phenomena; Fluid Particle Interactions; Interaction in Fluids; Interfacial Flows; Microfluidics; Physics of Computation; Shear Flows; Vortex Flows; Classical Fluids; Complex Fluids; Lattice Models in statistical physics; numerical techniques
Institutionen der Universität: Fakultäten
Fakultäten > Fakultät für Mathematik, Physik und Informatik
Fakultäten > Fakultät für Mathematik, Physik und Informatik > Physikalisches Institut
Fakultäten > Fakultät für Mathematik, Physik und Informatik > Physikalisches Institut > Professur Theoretische Physik VI - Simulation und Modellierung von Biofluiden
Fakultäten > Fakultät für Mathematik, Physik und Informatik > Physikalisches Institut > Professur Theoretische Physik VI - Simulation und Modellierung von Biofluiden > Professur Theoretische Physik VI - Simulation und Modellierung von Biofluiden - Univ.-Prof. Dr. Stephan Gekle
Profilfelder > Advanced Fields > Nichtlineare Dynamik
Forschungseinrichtungen
Forschungseinrichtungen > Sonderforschungsbereiche, Forschergruppen
Forschungseinrichtungen > Sonderforschungsbereiche, Forschergruppen > SFB 1357 - MIKROPLASTIK
Profilfelder
Profilfelder > Advanced Fields
Titel an der UBT entstanden: Ja
Themengebiete aus DDC: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik > 500 Naturwissenschaften
500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik > 530 Physik
500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik > 540 Chemie
Eingestellt am: 01 Aug 2022 07:22
Letzte Änderung: 14 Dec 2023 09:47
URI: https://eref.uni-bayreuth.de/id/eprint/71272