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Induction and diagnosis of apple replant disease (ARD) : a matter of heterogeneous soil properties?

Title data

Mahnkopp, Felix ; Simon, Margaux ; Lehndorff, Eva ; Pätzold, Stefan ; Wrede, Andreas ; Winkelmann, Traud:
Induction and diagnosis of apple replant disease (ARD) : a matter of heterogeneous soil properties?
In: Scientia Horticulturae. Vol. 241 (2018) . - pp. 167-177.
ISSN 0304-4238
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2018.06.076

Abstract in another language

Apple replant disease (ARD) occurs when apple or a closely related species are replanted at the same site leading to severe growth reduction and losses in fruit yield and quality. This complex disease phenomenon is a worldwide problem for tree nurseries and apple orchards. Its causes are not fully understood up to now and economically feasible and sustainable countermeasures do not exist. Research studies to unravel the etiology of ARD are in urgent need of sites differing in soil characteristics with a defined, comparable cropping history including appropriate control (healthy) plots. Thus, the first aim of this study was to induce ARD at three different sites with topsoils covering textures from sand, loamy sand to silt loam (Podzols to Luvisols). Grass plots served as controls. After eight years of repeatedly replanting the apple rootstock ‘Bittenfelder’, growth suppression was observed at the ARD plots on all three sites. Because until now no systematic correlation to soil parameters was approached, the second aim was to study the replant severity in the three different soils. Soil properties were investigated at different spatial scales. Significant differences occurred between sites in soil texture, pH, and C and N contents. Within plots, non-invasive soil sensing (EMI, gamma-spectrometry) helped to ensure homogeneous conditions and to exclude unexplained ARD effects due to small-scale soil heterogeneity. Soil from each site was submitted to a bio-test in which growth of in vitro propagated M26 plantlets in untreated and disinfected soil was compared to determine the ARD severity. Soil disinfection by gamma irradiation resulted in a significant increase in M26 shoot biomass, most pronounced in soil from ARD plots. Thus, on all soils, ARD was successfully induced with a negative correlation between ARD intensity and soil clay content, and a positive correlation with C/N ratio.

Further data

Item Type: Article in a journal
Refereed: Yes
Additional notes: BAYCEER151471
Keywords: Apple replant disease; Bio-test; Malus domestica; Non-invasive soil sensing; Soil texture; Soil organic matter
Institutions of the University: Research Institutions
Research Institutions > Central research institutes
Research Institutions > Central research institutes > Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research- BayCEER
Faculties > Faculty of Biology, Chemistry and Earth Sciences > Department of Earth Sciences > Chair Soil Ecology
Faculties > Faculty of Biology, Chemistry and Earth Sciences > Department of Earth Sciences > Chair Soil Ecology > Chair Soil Ecology - Univ.-Prof. Dr. Eva Lehndorff
Faculties
Faculties > Faculty of Biology, Chemistry and Earth Sciences
Faculties > Faculty of Biology, Chemistry and Earth Sciences > Department of Earth Sciences
Result of work at the UBT: No
DDC Subjects: 500 Science
500 Science > 550 Earth sciences, geology
Date Deposited: 22 Jan 2020 08:12
Last Modified: 29 Oct 2024 14:06
URI: https://eref.uni-bayreuth.de/id/eprint/53941