at Google ScholarTitle data
Foken, Thomas ; Bange, Jens:
Wind Sensors.
In: Foken, Thomas
(ed.):
Springer Handbook of Atmospheric Measurements. -
Cham, Switzerland
: Springer
,
2021
. - pp. 243-272
. - (Springer Handbooks
)
ISBN 978-3-030-52170-7
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52171-4_9
Abstract in another language
Various techniques are used to measure the wind speed in the atmosphere, including cup, propeller, and sonic anemometers; the latter can also be used to measure the wind vector. Wind direction measurements are also performed using wind vanes. Sonic anemometers are the devices most commonly used for turbulence measurements. Hot-wire anemometers are employed for special measurements, and Pitot tubes are utilized for aircraft-based measurements. It is also important to note that the conditions at the measuring site can strongly influence the accuracy of wind measurements.
This chapter discusses the variables measured by all of the above devices as well as the corresponding measurement principles and their theoretical foundations. The technical data that each technique provides is presented, the maintenance that must be carried out when using each technique is described, and relevant quality control and calibration methods are introduced. The history of the development of wind sensors is also briefly summarized, and some examples of the application of wind measurements are presented.