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Integrating Air-Source Heat Pumps into the Demand-Side Fast Frequency Response Service : A Study Based on Thermal Dynamic Uncertainty

Title data

Song, Ruihao ; Terzija, Vladimir ; Hamacher, Thomas ; Perić, Vedran S.:
Integrating Air-Source Heat Pumps into the Demand-Side Fast Frequency Response Service : A Study Based on Thermal Dynamic Uncertainty.
In: IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy. Vol. 16 (2025) Issue 1 . - pp. 323-335.
ISSN 1949-3029
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TSTE.2024.3456068

Abstract in another language

Fast frequency response services, designed to quickly balance the electrical grid within seconds, have a critical importance for managing sudden anomalies in low-inertia power systems. Battery systems often serve as versatile prosumers on the demand side to facilitate fast frequency response services. However, the nature of fast frequency response services leads to a highly fluctuating power profile for batteries, which can shorten their lifetime. In contrast, distributed air-source heat pumps in residential areas have a substantial untapped potential to support fast frequency response services. This paper seeks to integrate them into the existing services through a controller upgrade. We analyze the influence of air-source heat pumps' inherent complex thermal dynamics on fast frequency response services, revealing control challenges posed by unpredictable operating condition changes. Such a challenge is tackled with a standard droop control structure which is tuned through H∞ method, guaranteeing practical and stable operations within the permitted operating condition range. Finally, the proposed fast frequency response service scheme is tested through multiphysics simulations on a small-size low-inertia residential microgrid. The obtained results strongly supported the proposed new service.

Further data

Item Type: Article in a journal
Refereed: Yes
Institutions of the University: Faculties > Faculty of Engineering Science > Chair Intelligent Energy Management > Chair Intelligent Energy Management - Univ.-Prof. Dr. Vedran Peric
Result of work at the UBT: No
DDC Subjects: 600 Technology, medicine, applied sciences > 620 Engineering
Date Deposited: 25 Mar 2026 11:49
Last Modified: 25 Mar 2026 11:49
URI: https://eref.uni-bayreuth.de/id/eprint/96171