Influence of Poly(L-Lactic Acid) Nanofibers and BMP-2-Containing Poly(L-Lactic Acid) Nanofibers on Growth and Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

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Schofer, Markus D. ; Fuchs-Winkelmann, Susanne ; Gräbedünkel, Christian ; Wack, Christina ; Dersch, Roland ; Rudisile, Markus ; Wendorff, Joachim H. ; Greiner, Andreas ; Paletta, Jürgen R. J. ; Boudriot, Ulrich:
Influence of Poly(L-Lactic Acid) Nanofibers and BMP-2-Containing Poly(L-Lactic Acid) Nanofibers on Growth and Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells.
In: The Scientific World Journal. Bd. 8 (2008) . - 196850.
ISSN 1537-744X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2008.163

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to characterize synthetic poly-(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofibers concerning their ability to promote growth and osteogenic differentiation of stem cells in vitro, as well as to test their suitability as a carrier system for growth factors. Fiber matrices composed of PLLA or BMP-2-incorporated PLLA were seeded with human mesenchymal stem cells and cultivated over a period of 22 days under growth and osteoinductive conditions, and analyzed during the course of culture, with respect to gene expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OC), and collagen I (COL-I). Furthermore, COL-I and OC deposition, as well as cell densities and proliferation, were analyzed using fluorescence microscopy. Although the presence of nanofibers diminished the dexamethasone-induced proliferation, there were no differences in cell densities or deposition of either COL-I or OC after 22 days of culture. The gene expression of ALP, OC, and COL-I decreased in the initial phase of cell cultivation on PLLA nanofibers as compared to cover slip control, but normalized during the course of cultivation. The initial down-regulation was not observed when BMP-2 was directly incorporated into PLLA nanofibers by electrospinning, indicating that growth factors like BMP-2 might survive the spinning process in a bioactive form.