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Simulating the future : responses of ecosystems, key species and European provenances to expected climatic trends and events

Titelangaben

Jentsch, Anke ; Beierkuhnlein, Carl:
Simulating the future : responses of ecosystems, key species and European provenances to expected climatic trends and events.
In: Endlicher, Wilfried (Hrsg.): Continents under climate change. - Stuttgart , 2010 . - S. 89-98 . - (Nova Acta Leopoldina ; 112 )
ISBN 978-3-8047-2795-3

Abstract

Future climate chane ist expected to rapidly modify the long-term average and variation in temperature and precipitation regimes. The local climate that has been experienced by organisms and ecosystems does no longer exist. More frequent and more pronounced extreme weather conditions are expected in the near future. Monitoring both future climate and the ecological responses will be important. However, monitoring can not supply the necessary insights for the design of adaptation strategies in time. Ecological modeling is heuristically limited due to the simple fact of hitherto not available evaluation and adjustment of results. Thus, the experimental sumulation of climatic trends and events is urgently needed in order to identify responses of important communities and species that are exposed to anovel climate. Experimental appraches are artificial to some degree, but they can yield fundamental insights into crucial mechanisms of reponse to rapid climate change. In the ENENT experiments (EVENT I to V), we simulate expected future climatic conditions including extreme weather events along a gradient ranging from highly standarized and replicated pot experiments over manipulation of strongly controlled artificial plant communities (with defined number of specimen and with standarized substrate) to manipulation of semi-natural established grassland communities on old-grown soils. We are testing the effects of summer warming, winter warming, increased winter precipitation, recurrent extreme summer drought, excessive summer rain, and modified frost-thaw-cycles. In addition, we are combining different drivers in multi-factor experiments (e.g. land use intensity and warming or more extreme precipitation regimes.) The main focus of the EVENT-experiments in on grasslands, but also shrubland (heath) on the community level and important tree species on the within-species diversity level are experimentally exposed to future climatic scenarios. The role of biodiversity - in terms of species richness and richness of various growth forms and functional groups - for the buffering of extreme wather events is of special interst for us. Surprise occur! Total biomass did not respond as strongly as expected, but single species performance was very specific. For particular specie, significant effects of drought, heavy rain and increased freeze-thaw cycles were found in parameters related to e.g. nutrient cycling, gas exchange, phenology and reproductive fitness. Biodiversity did both, buffer extremes in some cases and accelerate stress in other cases.

Weitere Angaben

Publikationsform: Aufsatz in einem Buch
Begutachteter Beitrag: Ja
Zusätzliche Informationen: BAYCEER82966
Institutionen der Universität: Fakultäten > Fakultät für Biologie, Chemie und Geowissenschaften > Fachgruppe Geowissenschaften > Lehrstuhl Biogeographie
Fakultäten > Fakultät für Biologie, Chemie und Geowissenschaften > Fachgruppe Geowissenschaften > Lehrstuhl Biogeographie > Lehrstuhl Biogeographie - Univ.-Prof. Dr. Carl Beierkuhnlein
Fakultäten > Fakultät für Biologie, Chemie und Geowissenschaften > Fachgruppe Geowissenschaften > Professur Störungsökologie
Fakultäten > Fakultät für Biologie, Chemie und Geowissenschaften > Fachgruppe Geowissenschaften > Professur Störungsökologie > Professur Störungsökologie - Univ.-Prof. Dr. Anke Jentsch
Forschungseinrichtungen > Forschungszentren > Bayreuther Zentrum für Ökologie und Umweltforschung - BayCEER
Fakultäten
Fakultäten > Fakultät für Biologie, Chemie und Geowissenschaften
Fakultäten > Fakultät für Biologie, Chemie und Geowissenschaften > Fachgruppe Geowissenschaften
Forschungseinrichtungen
Forschungseinrichtungen > Forschungszentren
Titel an der UBT entstanden: Ja
Themengebiete aus DDC: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik
Eingestellt am: 05 Jun 2015 06:18
Letzte Änderung: 05 Jun 2015 06:18
URI: https://eref.uni-bayreuth.de/id/eprint/14668