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A novel approach to extract, purify, and fractionate microplastics from environmental matrices by isopycnic ultracentrifugation

Titelangaben

Jakobs, Aileen ; Gürkal, Elif ; Möller, Julia N. ; Löder, Martin G. J. ; Laforsch, Christian ; Lüders, Tillmann:
A novel approach to extract, purify, and fractionate microplastics from environmental matrices by isopycnic ultracentrifugation.
In: Science of the Total Environment. Bd. 857, Part 3 (2023) . - 159610.
ISSN 0048-9697
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159610

Angaben zu Projekten

Projekttitel:
Offizieller Projekttitel
Projekt-ID
SFB 1357 Mikroplastik
391977956

Projektfinanzierung: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

Abstract

The increasing accumulation of microplastics (MP) in the environment is considered one of the most important environmental challenges of our times. Reliable extraction and detection methods for MP in environmental samples are essential for determining the extent of pollution and assessing ecological risks. However, extraction of MP from complex environmental matrices such as soil remains technically challenging. Today, density-based extractions with saturated salt solutions are widely applied. Nevertheless, current methods do not allow for the fractionation of different MP particle types according to their specific polymer densities. Here, we present a novel isopycnic ultracentrifugation approach for the simultaneous extraction and fractionation of MP mixtures based on the particle-specific buoyant densities. In this proof-of-concept study, diffusion-based density gradients were prepared using caesium chloride media, covering a density range between 1.1 and 1.5 g mL−1, sufficient to resolve many common polymer densities. We selected MP particles with a low (polyamide; PA66), medium (polybutylene adipate terephthalate; PBAT), and high (polyethylene terephthalate; PET) density to validate separation performance. Both pristine and soil-incubated MP mixtures showed clear banding patterns at expected buoyant densities after isopycnic separation. μFTIR imaging of subsamples collected from resolved MP fractions showed a polymer-specific separation of ≥87.6 %. In addition, the quantitative recovery of MP particles from soil was between 86 and 99 %. The potential of isopycnic ultracentrifugation to preserve MP-associated biofilms was also assessed. Soil-incubated MP particles were inspected by confocal laser scanning microscopy before and after isopycnic separation, indicating a preservation of bioorganic structures. Hence, isopycnic ultracentrifugation offers a powerful novel approach for a polymer-specific extraction and resolution of MP particles with a wide potential for applications in MP research.

Weitere Angaben

Publikationsform: Artikel in einer Zeitschrift
Begutachteter Beitrag: Ja
Institutionen der Universität: Fakultäten > Fakultät für Biologie, Chemie und Geowissenschaften > Fachgruppe Biologie > Lehrstuhl Tierökologie I > Lehrstuhl Tierökologie I - Univ.-Prof. Dr. Christian Laforsch
Fakultäten > Fakultät für Biologie, Chemie und Geowissenschaften > Fachgruppe Biologie > Lehrstuhl Ökologische Mikrobiologie > Lehrstuhl Ökologische Mikrobiologie - Univ.-Prof. Dr. Tillmann Lüders
Forschungseinrichtungen > Zentrale wissenschaftliche Einrichtungen > Bayreuther Zentrum für Ökologie und Umweltforschung - BayCEER
Forschungseinrichtungen > Sonderforschungsbereiche, Forschergruppen > SFB 1357 - MIKROPLASTIK
Fakultäten
Fakultäten > Fakultät für Biologie, Chemie und Geowissenschaften
Fakultäten > Fakultät für Biologie, Chemie und Geowissenschaften > Fachgruppe Biologie
Fakultäten > Fakultät für Biologie, Chemie und Geowissenschaften > Fachgruppe Biologie > Lehrstuhl Tierökologie I
Fakultäten > Fakultät für Biologie, Chemie und Geowissenschaften > Fachgruppe Biologie > Lehrstuhl Ökologische Mikrobiologie
Forschungseinrichtungen
Forschungseinrichtungen > Zentrale wissenschaftliche Einrichtungen
Forschungseinrichtungen > Sonderforschungsbereiche, Forschergruppen
Titel an der UBT entstanden: Ja
Themengebiete aus DDC: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik > 570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie
500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik > 590 Tiere (Zoologie)
Eingestellt am: 16 Nov 2022 10:06
Letzte Änderung: 02 Feb 2024 07:50
URI: https://eref.uni-bayreuth.de/id/eprint/72788