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Brumme, Rainer ; Borken, Werner:
N₂O emission from temperate beech forests soils.
In:
Brumme, Rainer ; Khanna, Partap K. (Hrsg.): Functioning and Management of European Beech Ecosystems. -
Berlin
: Springer
,
2009
. - S. 353-367
. - (Ecological Studies
; 208
)
ISBN 978-3-642-00339-4
Abstract
The interest on N2O emission has increased since the late 1980s after realizing thatN2O is an important greenhouse gas (Lashof and Ahuja 1990; Bouwman 1990a)which destroys ozone in the stratosphere by catalytic reactions (Crutzen 1970). Thehigh global warming potential (GWP) of N2O has increased the scientific researcheffort on assessing N2O fluxes from soils of terrestrial ecosystems (Andreae andSchimel 1989; Bouwman 1990a; Granli and Bøckman 1994) because soils are thelargest natural source of N2O (IPCC 2001). Studies in the 1980s suggested thattropical forests are larger sources for N2O than temperate and boreal forests, whereasrecent studies have indicated that beech (Fagus Sylvatica L.) forests can have N2Ofluxes similar to those observed in tropical forests (Brumme and Beese 1992; Papenand Butterbach-Bahl 1999; Zechmeister-Boltenstern et al. 2002). Beech forestswith high annual N2O fluxes have a seasonal emission pattern with high N2O fluxesin summer and low N2O fluxes in winter. However, most temperate forests (beech,spruce, oak) have low background N2O emissions during the year which lack anyseasonal trend (Brumme et al. 1999). There are some questions which need to beanswered to understand the importance of forests with a seasonal emission patternfor the global balance of N2O (Brumme et al. 2005). In this chapter, temporal andspatial variations of N2O emissions from a beech forest ecosystem with a seasonalemission pattern will be provided, leading to a discussion on the mechanisms andprocesses responsible for seasonal and background patterns of N2O emissions.Attempts will be made to assess the effect of temperature change, forest managementpractices (harvesting, liming, soil compaction), and nitrogen inputs on N2O emissions.