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Seiler, Johannes ; Matzner, Egbert:
Spatial variability of throughfall chemistry and selected soil properties as influenced by stem distance in a mature Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst.) stand.
In: Plant and Soil.
Bd. 176
(1995)
.
- S. 139-147.
ISSN 1573-5036
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00017684
Abstract
Our aims were to investigate the spatial variability of throughfall chemistry and soil parameters as influenced bystem distance and to evaluate the implication of the observed systematic and random patterns for the samplingstrategy.One hundred throughfall samplers with a sampling area of 106 cm 2 each were established in a systematic gridaround 5 trees in a mature Norway spruce; site of the Fichtelgebirge (Germany). One hundred soil cores were takenwith an auger of 50 cm 2 next to the throughfall samplers. Soil samples were stratified according to genetic soilhorizons and analysed for pH, exchangeable NH +, SO~- and total-S. Throughfall samples were collected over aperiod of 6 months. For each sampler an aliquod sample was mixed over the observation period and analysed formajor ions.The spatial variability of the element concentrations in throughfall, expressed by the coefficient of variance, was21-164%, depending on the element considered. For precipitation volume, the coefficient of variance was only3%. The distance to the stem influenced most element concentrations in throughfall with increasing concentrationsapproaching the stem. Steepest gradients were observed in case of SO 2- and H + .The spatial variability of the investigated soil parameters was also very high with the exception of pH. The SO42--content of the forest floor reflected the gradients observed in throughfall, while for the other investigated soilparameters and soil horizons no significant relations to stem distance were found.To determine site representative throughfall concentrations and soil properties with the sample volumes and timeintervals we used, the number of samples required to get a statistical error of less than 10 % (with 95 % probability)can be very high. In case of throughfall, more than 100, and in case of the soil parameters, more than 300 replicateswould be required.