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Light-regulated Gene Expression in Bacteria : Fundamentals, Advances, and Perspectives

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Ohlendorf, Robert ; Möglich, Andreas:
Light-regulated Gene Expression in Bacteria : Fundamentals, Advances, and Perspectives.
In: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology. Bd. 10 (2022) . - 1029403.
ISSN 2296-4185
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2022.1029403

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Projektfinanzierung: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

Abstract

Numerous photoreceptors and genetic circuits emerged over the past two decades and now enable the light-dependent, i.e. optogenetic, regulation of gene expression in bacteria. Prompted by light cues in the near-ultraviolet to near-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum, gene expression can be up- or downregulated stringently, reversibly, non-invasively, and with precision in space and time. Here, we survey the underlying principles, available options, and prominent examples of optogenetically regulated gene expression in bacteria. While transcription initiation and elongation remain most important for optogenetic intervention, other processes, e.g., translation and downstream events, were also rendered light-dependent. The optogenetic control of bacterial expression predominantly employs but three fundamental strategies: light-sensitive two-component systems, oligomerization reactions, and second-messenger signaling. Certain optogenetic circuits moved beyond the proof-of-principle and stood the test of practice. They enable unprecedented applications in three major areas. First, light-dependent expression underpins novel concepts and strategies for enhanced yields in microbial production processes. Second, light-responsive bacteria can be optogenetically stimulated while residing within the bodies of animals, thus prompting the secretion of compounds that grant health benefits to the animal host. Third, optogenetics allows the generation of precisely structured, novel biomaterials. These applications jointly testify to the maturity of the optogenetic approach and serve as blueprints bound to inspire and template innovative use cases of light-regulated gene expression in bacteria. Researchers pursuing these lines can choose from an ever-growing, versatile, and efficient toolkit of optogenetic circuits.

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Publikationsform: Artikel in einer Zeitschrift
Begutachteter Beitrag: Ja
Keywords: synthetic biology; optogenetics; biotechnology; sensory photoreceptor; signal transduction; gene expression
Institutionen der Universität: Fakultäten > Fakultät für Biologie, Chemie und Geowissenschaften > Fachgruppe Chemie > Lehrstuhl Biochemie > Lehrstuhl Biochemie II - Photobiochemie - Univ.-Prof. Dr. Andreas Möglich
Fakultäten
Fakultäten > Fakultät für Biologie, Chemie und Geowissenschaften
Fakultäten > Fakultät für Biologie, Chemie und Geowissenschaften > Fachgruppe Chemie
Fakultäten > Fakultät für Biologie, Chemie und Geowissenschaften > Fachgruppe Chemie > Lehrstuhl Biochemie
Titel an der UBT entstanden: Ja
Themengebiete aus DDC: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik > 570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie
Eingestellt am: 14 Okt 2022 05:45
Letzte Änderung: 14 Jun 2023 10:02
URI: https://eref.uni-bayreuth.de/id/eprint/72427