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Light-regulated Gene Expression in Bacteria : Fundamentals, Advances, and Perspectives

Title data

Ohlendorf, Robert ; Möglich, Andreas:
Light-regulated Gene Expression in Bacteria : Fundamentals, Advances, and Perspectives.
In: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology. Vol. 10 (2022) . - 1029403.
ISSN 2296-4185
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2022.1029403

Official URL: Volltext

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Project financing: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

Abstract in another language

Numerous photoreceptors and genetic circuits emerged over the past two decades and now enable the light-dependent, i.e. optogenetic, regulation of gene expression in bacteria. Prompted by light cues in the near-ultraviolet to near-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum, gene expression can be up- or downregulated stringently, reversibly, non-invasively, and with precision in space and time. Here, we survey the underlying principles, available options, and prominent examples of optogenetically regulated gene expression in bacteria. While transcription initiation and elongation remain most important for optogenetic intervention, other processes, e.g., translation and downstream events, were also rendered light-dependent. The optogenetic control of bacterial expression predominantly employs but three fundamental strategies: light-sensitive two-component systems, oligomerization reactions, and second-messenger signaling. Certain optogenetic circuits moved beyond the proof-of-principle and stood the test of practice. They enable unprecedented applications in three major areas. First, light-dependent expression underpins novel concepts and strategies for enhanced yields in microbial production processes. Second, light-responsive bacteria can be optogenetically stimulated while residing within the bodies of animals, thus prompting the secretion of compounds that grant health benefits to the animal host. Third, optogenetics allows the generation of precisely structured, novel biomaterials. These applications jointly testify to the maturity of the optogenetic approach and serve as blueprints bound to inspire and template innovative use cases of light-regulated gene expression in bacteria. Researchers pursuing these lines can choose from an ever-growing, versatile, and efficient toolkit of optogenetic circuits.

Further data

Item Type: Article in a journal
Refereed: Yes
Keywords: synthetic biology; optogenetics; biotechnology; sensory photoreceptor; signal transduction; gene expression
Institutions of the University: Faculties > Faculty of Biology, Chemistry and Earth Sciences > Department of Chemistry > Chair Biochemistry > Chair Biochemistry - Univ.-Prof. Dr. Andreas Möglich
Faculties
Faculties > Faculty of Biology, Chemistry and Earth Sciences
Faculties > Faculty of Biology, Chemistry and Earth Sciences > Department of Chemistry
Faculties > Faculty of Biology, Chemistry and Earth Sciences > Department of Chemistry > Chair Biochemistry
Result of work at the UBT: Yes
DDC Subjects: 500 Science > 570 Life sciences, biology
Date Deposited: 14 Oct 2022 05:45
Last Modified: 14 Jun 2023 10:02
URI: https://eref.uni-bayreuth.de/id/eprint/72427