Individual Driver Emission Reduction Due to Electric Vehicle-Based Residential Load Shifting : Insights From Germany

Titelangaben

Bollenbach, Jessica ; Eiser, Niklas ; Baumgarte, Felix ; Keller, Robert ; Strüker, Jens:
Individual Driver Emission Reduction Due to Electric Vehicle-Based Residential Load Shifting : Insights From Germany.
In: Journal of Cleaner Production. Bd. 519 (2025) . - 145894.
ISSN 0959-6526
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2025.145894

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Abstract

Commuters require measures tailored to their individual behavior to reduce emissions associated with their residential electricity demand. This paper investigates the operation of a Commuters require measures tailored to their individual behavior to reduce emissions associated with their residential electricity demand. This paper investigates the operation of a concept for spatiotemporal residential load shifting where Electric Vehicles (EVs) charge low emission-electricity from the grid at the workplace, function as mobile energy storage while commuting, and cover residential electricity demand through battery discharging. This way, the proportion of residential demand that is met by discharging the EV battery shifts to EV charging at the workplace. The success of this strategy in reducing emissions hinges on aligning electricity demand with the country- and time-specific emissions associated with grid electricity constrained by individual behavioral habits.  In this paper, we analyze why and how much seasons and user behavior change the emission reduction impact of EV-based residential load shifting. This way, we contribute to the literature by explaining the changes of the emission reduction impact and validating previous results with German conditions. Using real-world behavioral and grid data, the results indicate that the potential of grid-dependent EV-based residential load shifting in Germany hinges heavily on the season and user behavior. While winter yields -0.3% median emission reduction, summer offers a promising median potential of 24% and maximum of 42%. Especially commuters with daily driving distances above 110 km who arrive home after 08:00 PM benefit, reducing emissions by more than 10% above the average. These insights contextualize optimistic assessments of EV-based residential load shifting, indicating that the individual impact for Germany-like conditions is rather small.