Experimental validation of a hybrid 1-D multi-node model of a hot water thermal energy storage tank

Titelangaben

De la Cruz-Loredo, Iván ; Zinsmeister, Daniel ; Licklederer, Thomas ; Ugalde-Loo, Carlos E. ; Morales, Daniel A. ; Bastida, Héctor ; Perić, Vedran S. ; Saleem, Arslan:
Experimental validation of a hybrid 1-D multi-node model of a hot water thermal energy storage tank.
In: Applied Energy. Bd. 332 (2023) . - 120556.
ISSN 1872-9118
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.120556

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Abstract

Hot water-based thermal energy storage (TES) tanks are extensively used in heating applications to provide operational flexibility. Simple yet effective one-dimensional (1-D) tank models are desirable to simulate and design efficient energy management systems. However, the standard multi-node modelling approach struggles to reproduce the dynamics of highly thermally stratified tanks due to their artificial numerical diffusion. In this paper, a novel 1-D multi-node modelling approach is introduced for accurately simulating water tanks with a high extent of thermal stratification. A non-linear, hybrid continuous–discrete time model able to capture the sudden temperature change within the tank is presented. The modelling approach was adopted to simulate a commercial TES tank, with the model being implemented in MATLAB/Simulink. Results from experimental tests were compared with simulation results, demonstrating that a hybrid continuous–discrete 12-node model accurately estimates the temperatures of the tank. It is also shown that the hybrid model avoids the numerical diffusion exhibited by standard multi-node models. This has been evidenced by the reduced root mean square and mean absolute errors exhibited by the hybrid model when compared with the experimental data.