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Huang, Tao ; Kumari, Sushma ; Herold, Heike ; Bargel, Hendrik ; Aigner, Tamara B. ; Heath, Daniel E. ; O'Brian-Simpson, Neil M. ; O'Connor, Andrea J. ; Scheibel, Thomas:
Enhanced Antibacterial Activity of Se Nanoparticles Upon Coating with Recombinant Spider Silk Protein eADF4(κ16).
In: International Journal of Nanomedicine.
Bd. 15
(2020)
.
- S. 4275-4288.
ISSN 1178-2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S255833
Abstract
Purpose:Selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) are promising antibacterial agents to tackle thegrowing problem of antimicrobial resistance. The aim of this study was to fabricate Se NPswith a net positive charge to enhance their antibacterial efficacy.Methods:Se NPs were coated with a positively charged protein–recombinant spider silkprotein eADF4(κ16)–to give them a net positive surface charge. Their cytotoxicity andantibacterial activity were investigated, with negatively charged polyvinyl alcohol coated SeNPs as a control. Besides, these eADF4(κ16)-coated Se NPs were immobilized on the spidersilkfilms, and the antibacterial activity of thesefilms was investigated.Results:Compared to the negatively charged polyvinyl alcohol coated Se NPs, the posi-tively charged eADF4(κ16)-coated Se NPs demonstrated a much higher bactericidal efficacyagainst the Gram-negative bacteriaE. coli, with a minimum bactericidal concentration(MBC) approximately 50 times lower than that of negatively charged Se NPs. Cytotoxicitytesting showed that the eADF4(κ16)-coated Se NPs are safe to both Balb/3T3 mouse embryofibroblasts and HaCaT human skin keratinocytes up to 31 μg/mL, which is much higher thanthe MBC of these particles againstE. coli(8 ± 1 μg/mL). In addition, antibacterial coatingswere created by immobilising the eADF4(κ16)-coated Se NPs on positively charged spidersilkfilms and these were shown to retain good bactericidal efficacy and overcome the issueof low particle stability in culture broth. It was found that these Se NPs needed to be releasedfrom thefilm surface in order to exert their antibacterial effects and this release can beregulated by the surface charge of thefilm, such as the change of the spider silk protein used.Conclusion:Overall, eADF4(κ16)-coated Se NPs are promising new antibacterial agentsagainst life-threatening bacteria.