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Thomas, Stephanie ; Fischer, Dominik ; Fleischmann, Stefanie ; Bittner, Torsten ; Beierkuhnlein, Carl:
Risk assessment of dengue virus amplification in Europe based on spatio-temporal high resolution climate change projections.
In: Erdkunde.
Bd. 65
(2011)
Heft 2
.
- S. 137-150.
ISSN 0014-0015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3112/erdkunde.2011.02.03
Abstract
During the last decades dengue incidences are emerging significantly around the globe. Currently, about one fifthof the human population lives in dengue risk zones, which are mainly located in (sub-) tropical regions of Southeast Asiaand the Western Pacific. Dengue infections in European population mainly referred to returning travellers from tropicalendemic regions. Nevertheless, vector establishment in Europe already took place and therefore the risk increases. Currently,autochthonous cases of dengue fever have been reported in Europe. Studies estimating the risk of dengue epidemics regardingchanging climatic conditions in Europe are missing. Therefore, we close this gap by using the temperature constraintsfor virus amplification within the vector Aedes aegypti from two laboratory experiments. We transfer these findings to thechanging European climate based on data provided from a regional climate model (COSMO-CLM; A1B and B1 scenario).Daily mean temperature were averaged for the time-steps 2011–2040, 2041–2070 and 2071–2100 in order to reduce naturalvariability but rather point out climatic trends for risk assessments. For both scenarios the strongest increase of temperatureis projected after mid-century. Results indicate a growing threat of virus amplification in Europe especially towards the endof this century. Larger parts of the Mediterranean will be at risk. The southwest of the Iberian Peninsular appears to beespecially threatened. Even in some parts of Central Europe, such as Southwest Germany, dengue virus amplification canno longer be excluded at the end of the century. However, it is unlikely that Aedes aegypti will serve as an efficient vector inEurope. In fact, it is Aedes albopictus that is an invasive species in Europe and potential differences in extrinsic incubationperiod between Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus have to be identified. Policy and public health authorities have to consider theseemerging biorisks in order to establish surveillance systems and develop counteraction strategies. Hence, we strongly emphasizethe need for a growing European awareness in the face of biological hazards that are responding to climatic changes.