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Beierkuhnlein, Carl:
Nature Conservation of a Moving Target : Protected Areas in Transition.
In: Berichte der Reinhold-Tüxen-Gesellschaft.
Bd. 33
(2024)
.
- S. 27-44.
ISSN 0940-418X
Abstract
Protected areas are a main instrument in nature conservation. Currently, an increasing area of protection is politically intended. On the other hand, the ongoing changes in the environment are seen as critical for the maintenance of protected areas. The fact is that environmental changes are a substantial aspect of landscape development. European
landscapes were exposed to fundamental changes during the last millennia and centuries. Furthermore, there are almost no plant communities or ecosystems that have
not been exposed or even created by human intervention in European landscapes that would be theoretically almost completely forested. The value of many nature reserves is
due to light demanding species that are adapted to traditional ways of land use. Here, I illustrate an integrative approach for protected areas based on the philosophy of Wolfgang Haber on Differentiated Land Use. This approach is not targeted on a specific hypothetical
natural condition per site and ecosystem but rather considers the diverse and spatially heterogeneous interactions between humans and the biosphere. It has been
shown that species and functional diversity within plant communities serves as an insurance to ensure ecosystem functions and services, and to compensate climatic fluctuations. The same applies at the level of the diversity of plant communities, ecosystems and land use types.