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A Review of Biomechanical and Physiological Effects of Using Poles in Sports

Title data

Saller, Maximilian ; Nagengast, Niko ; Frisch, Michael ; Fuss, Franz Konstantin:
A Review of Biomechanical and Physiological Effects of Using Poles in Sports.
In: Bioengineering. Vol. 10 (2023) Issue 4 . - 497.
ISSN 2306-5354
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10040497

Abstract in another language

The use of poles in sports, to support propulsion, is an integral and inherent component of some sports disciplines such as skiing (cross-country and roller), Nordic walking, and trail running. The aim of this review is to summarize the current state-of-the-art of literature on multiple influencing factors of poles in terms of biomechanical and physiological effects. We evaluated publications in the subfields of biomechanics, physiology, coordination, and pole properties. Plantar pressure and ground reaction forces decreased with the use of poles in all included studies. The upper body and trunk muscles were more active. The lower body muscles were either less active or no different from walking without poles. The use of poles led to a higher oxygen consumption (VO2) without increasing the level of perceived exertion (RPE). Furthermore, the heart rate (HR) tended to be higher. Longer poles reduced the VO2 and provided a longer thrust phase and greater propulsive impulse. The mass of the poles showed no major influence on VO2, RPE, or HR. Solely the activity of the biceps brachii increased with the pole mass.

Further data

Item Type: Article in a journal
Refereed: Yes
Keywords: poles; skiing; walking; running; biomechanics; physiological parameters; coordination; pole properties
Institutions of the University: Faculties > Faculty of Engineering Science > Chair Biomechanics > Chair Biomechanics - Univ.-Prof. Dr. Franz Kontantin Fuß
Profile Fields > Advanced Fields > Advanced Materials
Profile Fields > Advanced Fields > Nonlinear Dynamics
Profile Fields > Emerging Fields > Food and Health Sciences
Research Institutions > Research Centres > Bayreuth Institute for Entrepreneurship and Innovation - IEI
Research Institutions > Research Centres > Bayreuth Center of Sport Science (BaySpo)
Research Institutions > Research Units > Forschungsstelle für Additive Innovationen - Campus Additive.Innovationen (CA.I)
Research Institutions > Affiliated Institutes > Medizincampus Oberfranken (MCO)
Result of work at the UBT: Yes
DDC Subjects: 600 Technology, medicine, applied sciences > 600 Technology
600 Technology, medicine, applied sciences > 620 Engineering
700 Arts and recreation > 790 Sports, games, entertainment
Date Deposited: 26 May 2023 05:44
Last Modified: 26 May 2023 05:44
URI: https://eref.uni-bayreuth.de/id/eprint/76586